BRAZILIAN EDUCATIONAL MARKET
Investments in the National Education Plan
Source: Ministry of Education – Brazil
Brazil’s Gross National Product (GNP) in 2010, in current values, was R$ 3,675 trillion (after 7.5% growth above 2009).
According to the Brazilian Ministry of Education, the education budget forecast for 2011 is R$69,7 billion (including direct and indirect resources, student financing and salaries). This is 6.7% more than the previous year. Since 2005, Brazil has raised education investments from 3.9% of GNP to 5%, according to the Ministry of Education.
Moreover, the Ministry of Labor plans to raise this level first to 7% and then to 10% of GNP by the end of the decade – which corresponds to an increase of R$ 80 billion per year.
Constant values
(IPCA inflation index avg..)
Current values
*Budget for direct and indirect administration, including Fies and Education-Salary (R$ billions)
**Forecast
In a study conducted by the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research (INEP), the level of government investments in the different levels of Brazilian education grew strongly from 3.9% of GNP in 2005 to 5% in 2009. The largest increase in government investments in education registered was in 2005 – 2006, when it grew from 3.9% of GNP to 4.3%. In the last year, investment in elementary and high school education was 4.3% of GNP, while that in higher education accounted for the remaining 0.7%.
Direct investments are those made to educational institutions, such as those for the purchase of text books, school meals and transportation, teacher salaries, construction and equipment installations to improve schools, and others.
*All educational levels
Source: Inep/MEC
Considering the results obtained from PISA, Brazil is among the three countries that have made the most gains in education in the past decade, exceeding countries like Argentina and Colombia.
Brazilian education rose 33 points between the results in 2000 and 2009. A rate higher than that achieved by Chile, which grew 37 points, and Luxemburg, which grew 38 points in the same period. In 2000, the Brazilian average was 368 points, which rose to 401 in 2009. By 2009, Brazilian students were in 53rd place in sciences and reading (exceeding Argentina, Panamá and Peru in Latin America, but remaining behind Chile, Uruguay, Mexico and Colombia) and in 57th place in Mathematics.
Mathematics, Sciences – Reading
FEDERAL NETWORK OF PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION
Professional education was given increased attention after 2003, through the organization of the Federal Network for Professional and Technological Education, which includes the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology. By 2010, at the time of the first National Education Plan there were a total of 354 institutions (including 214 new ones). With the current National Education Plan 2010 – 2012), the amount rose to 435 units.
There are now 38 federal institutes each with 1-5 units in Brazilian municipalities, and which link most of the other educational units in processes of education and research that focuses on regional productive sectors, offering opportunities at the high school and integrated high school level, for undergraduate degrees, superior level degrees in technology and graduate studies.
The Expansion Plan for the Federal Network proposes the establishment of 60 (sixty) new educational units each year, during the new period of the National Educational Plan (from 2011 to 2020), leading the Federal Network to establish 1,000 more units by the end of this decade.
In the past eight years, stimulated by the first National Education Plan (2001 – 2010) 214 new federal schools were built and equipped, to which another 26 schools were added in 2011, by means of federalizations and donations of infrastructure, which expanded the goal initially set to operate 354 units in the federal network, to 380 by 2011.
In 2010, the School Census identified 1,140,388 students registered in professional and technological education. This indicates growth of nearly 62% since 2005, when Brazil invested 3.9% of its GNP in education.
From 2002 – 2010 there was 74.9% growth in the number of students matriculating in this educational segment. In the same period, the federal network of professional education rose from 77,190 to 165,355, which represented growth of 114%. In the federal network, 46% of the registered students were in high schools linked to professional education programs. In 2007, only 27% of the students were in this situation.
Total registrations
Private schools
Public schools
*Includes high schools linked to professional education programs and concomitant and subsequent technical level profession education
Source: Inep/MEC
From 2003 – 2009, the number of registered high school students and those in professional integration programs (Proeja) doubled from 79,800 to 159,600. Meanwhile, there was a significant increase in the number of available registrations in higher education from 33,800 in 2003 to 81,100 students matriculated in 2009 in federal units for professional and technological education.
Growth in registrations in the federal network*
The Professionalized Brazil Program was created in 2007 and provides technical and financial assistance to development and organization actions in high schools that are integrated to professional and technological education in state public education networks. For 2011, the Ministry of Labor increased its investment in professional education in the country by 21% providing R$ 320 million for states to apply in restorations and expansion (for 543 affiliated schools), for construction at 176 technical schools, and for the purchase of pedagogical resources. In 2010, the total amount allocated was R$ 263,4 million.
Constant value (IPCA Inflation index avg.) Current values
*Does not include spending on inactive employees, debts and court settlements (Amts in R$ billions)
** Forecast
Source: SPO/SE/MEC
The S System, created 60 years ago, was reformulated to improve the criteria for service and the distribution of resources for free Professional Education for public school students and for recipients of unemployment insurance. In 2010, Senac (The National Commercial Education Service) and Senai (The National Industrial Education Service), reached a total of 351,652 students matriculated free of charge, which was a 34.3% increase over 2009 in the real spaces available.
The Program for the Support for Restoration and Expansion Plans of Federal Universities (Reuni) created in 2007, proposed the expansion of the federal higher education network with the goal of democratizing access to quality higher education. The forecast for 2010 was to double the number of spaces in relation to 2003, when 110 thousand spaces were available in federal universities.
In addition to the increase in spaces, the program calls for the expansion or opening of night courses, an increase in the number of students per professor, a reduction of costs per student, flexibilization of curriculum, an increase in the rate of conclusion of classroom courses and a program to avoid dropouts. A reduction in regional inequalities and a movement of higher education toward interior regions is another important highlight of the expansion program. In 2010, higher education was taken to 230 Brazilian municipalities and there are plans to open 250 thousand new registration opportunities by 2014 at federal universities and 600 thousand in federal institutes of education, science and technology.
For university campuses, the Ministry of Education will invest some R$ 14 million, and it is planning to create four new federal universities, the opening of 47 university campuses and 208 federal institutes of education, science and technology, in partnership with local municipal governments. By 2012, the government’s goal is to conclude 20 university campuses in eight states and 88 units of federal institutes in 25 states and the federal district. The forecast is to complete the other units by the end of 2014.
Constant value (IPCA Inflation index avg.) Current values
*Does not include spending on inactive employees, debts and court settlements (Amts in R$ billions)
** Forecast
